The examination carried out by a Management Authority prior to the issuance of a CITES export licence to verify that the specimen was not acquired in violation of the laws and regulations of that State for the protection of fauna and flora (in other words, it was acquired legally). This term is used in notes #3, #7, #11 and #12 of the CITES Appendices in relation to plant taxa. Case law, statutes, constitutions, treaties and other similar authorities are cited to support a particular legal point of view on a subject. When writing a legal brief, a lawyer may want to strengthen their position by referring to cases that support what they say in order to convince the court to make a decision in favor of the client. A monitoring system to help assess the impact of CITES decisions on illegal elephant hunting. (i) an observed, derived or projected decrease in the number of individuals or in the area and quality of habitat; or (ii) each subpopulation is very small; or (iii) a majority of individuals geographically concentrated over one or more life stages; or (iv) large short-term variations in population size; or (v) high susceptibility to intrinsic or extrinsic factors. A term that refers collectively to the Animals Committee and the Plants Committee. The resolutions contain recommendations on the interpretation of the provisions of the Convention, decisions on the establishment of standing committees, Secretariat budgets, rules for trade control (such as permitting and marking of samples in trade) and texts that define long-term processes, such as the review of significant trade (see Resolution Con. 12.8 (Rev. CoP18)].

As a general rule, decisions should remain in force for a long time. The Conference of the Parties also decided that, for the purposes of Resolution Conf. 13.7 (Rev. CoP17) on the control of trade in personal and household effects, the term “tourist souvenir specimen” should apply only to personal and household effects acquired outside the State of habitual residence of the owner and not to live specimens. Reference a legal authority, such as a case, in a quote. When establishing the legal acquisition, account should be taken, as far as possible, of all the measures by which the specimen is brought into the possession of an exporter from its source. Depending on the context, the term defined above should also be used when considering exceptions and other special provisions. French: rapport annuel sur le commerce illegals / Spanish: informe annual sobre el comercio ilegal For the purposes of Resolution Conf. 12.3 (Rev. CoP18) on permits and certificates, this term refers to a collection of dead specimens, parts and derived products legally acquired from species listed in Annex II or III and species bred in captivity or artificially propagated for commercial purposes which are considered to be Annex II specimens which are not not allowed to sell or otherwise transfer. and who will cross borders for presentation before returning to the country from which the consignment was first authorised.

The terms “downlisting” and “uplisting” are sometimes used. This is the transfer of a species from Appendices I to II or from Appendices II to I, while the complete removal of a species from the appendices is referred to as “removal from appendices”. n. 1) an announcement of a court appearance for the probable commission of a minor crime such as a traffic violation, drinking alcohol in a park where it is prohibited, releasing a dog off-leash and, in some states, possession of a small amount of marijuana. Failure to produce may result in an arrest warrant. (2) an announcement of an appearance before a court in a civil case in which the presence of a party normally required by law seems necessary, such as a person whose relatives wish to place them under curatorship (take charge and manage their affairs). 3) the reference (citing) of a law, precedent or legal textbook in a court (written statement of the court) or an argument before a court called “citing authority”. (4) the section of the Act or the name of the case, as well as the volume number, series of reports and page number of a case mentioned in a pleading, points and authorities or other legal arguments. Example: United States v.

Wong Kim Ark, (1898) 169 U.S. 649, which is the name of the case, the year it was rendered, with the decision in volume 169 of the United States [Supreme Court] Reporter at page 649. A quote also refers to the case itself, as in “the lawyer`s quote on the Wong case is irrelevant.” CITES is an international agreement to which States and regional economic integration organizations voluntarily accede. States that have agreed to be bound by the Convention (CITES (“acceded”) are referred to as Contracting Parties. Although CITES is legally binding on contracting parties – that is, they must implement the convention – it does not replace national legislation. Rather, it provides a framework for each Party to adopt its own national legislation to ensure implementation of CITES at the national level. The period during which an authorization is legally authorized. 1. prevent or mitigate harmful inbreeding, the extent of which is determined by the need for new genetic material; A programme that provides direct financial support to Parties for conservation and management measures to ensure that their trade in timber, bark, extracts and other products of CITES-listed tree species is sustainable, legal and traceable. In relation to CITES, this term is mainly used in relation to populations of animal species listed in Appendix I that are no longer threatened and that are defined in accordance with Resolution Conf.

11.16 (Rev. CoP15) in Appendix II so that they can benefit from this form of management. In order to ensure adequate control of trade in breeding specimens, their parts and derivatives shall be identified by a uniform labelling system approved by the Conference of the Parties. This system may differ from one species to another. Currently, only crocodiles are farmed species, which are mainly bred for their skin. French: MIKE (Suivi de l`abattage illegale d`éléphants) / Spanish: MIKE (Supervisión de la matanza ilegal de elefantes) A musical instrument (as defined in Chapter 92 of the Harmonized System of the World Customs Organization; musical instruments, parts and accessories thereof) that is ready to play or that requires only the installation of parts to make it playable. This term covers antique instruments (within the meaning of Harmonized System codes 97.05 and 97.06; B. works of art, collectors` items and antiques). Hard, consolidated material with a diameter greater than 3 cm, consisting of fragments of dead corals and may also contain cemented sand, coral algae and other sedimentary rocks. “Living rock” refers to pieces of coral rock to which live specimens of non-CITES-listed invertebrate and coral algae species are attached and which are transported in wet crates but not in water. “Substrate” is the term for pieces of coral rock to which invertebrates (of species not listed in the CITES Appendices) are attached and which are transported in water like living corals.