Concessions were agreed a year later in a six-point note. The agreement was followed by the admission of students of Japanese origin to public schools. The adoption of the 1907 agreement led to the arrival of “illustrated brides”, marriages of convenience made at a distance through photographs. [11] By establishing marital ties at a distance, women who wanted to emigrate to the United States could obtain passports, and Japanese workers in America could obtain a partner of their own nationality. [11] Thanks to this provision, which helped close the gender gap within the community from a ratio of 7 males to every woman in 1910 to less than 2:1 in 1920, the Japanese-American population continued to grow despite treaty immigration restrictions. The Gentleman`s Agreement was never enshrined in legislation passed by the U.S. Congress, but was an informal agreement between the United States and Japan enacted by unilateral action by President Roosevelt. It was repealed by the Immigration Act of 1924, which prohibited all Asians from emigrating to the United States. [12] “What we want to know is the individual quality of the individual. In my opinion, to this end, we must prepare, through our own agents, much stricter controls in the countries from which immigrants come. It will be much better to have fewer immigrants, but all of the right kind, and then a large number of immigrants, many of whom are necessarily the wrong kind.

The Gentleman`s Agreement of 1907 was an agreement between the United States of America and Japan. It was called a gentleman`s agreement because the two parties did not sign a formal agreement and it was hoped that both would honor it as two gentlemen would abide by an informal agreement. However, as the Japanese population grew in California, the Japanese were greeted with suspicion and hostility by some Americans. On the other hand, the Japanese government wanted to preserve its honor as a national power. He therefore called on the US government to take appropriate measures against these discriminatory policies. All of this eventually led to the Gentleman`s Agreement of 1907. The United States and Japan are located at opposite ends of the Pacific Ocean. Japanese immigrants arrived in the United States in the late 19th century. Most of them came in search of better prospects and usually came with their families. Although the number of Japanese immigrants was initially quite small, it grew steadily and by the early 20th century, a significant population of Japanese immigrants lived on the west coast of the United States, particularly in California. The agreement stipulated that Japanese immigrants who were already in the United States could bring their wives, parents or children from Japan to the United States.

This provision allowed Japanese men in the United States to marry a partner in Japan and then bring her to the United States. As a result, the Japanese immigrant population in California continued to grow. Eventually, Congress passed the Immigration Act of 1924. This law prohibited all Asians from emigrating to the United States of America. Increased Japanese immigration, in part as a substitute for excluded Chinese farm workers, met with concerted resistance in California. In order to appease Californians and avoid an open break with Japan`s rising world power, President Theodore Roosevelt negotiated this diplomatic agreement, whereby the Japanese government took responsibility for severely restricting Japanese immigration, especially workers, so that Japanese-American children could continue to attend integrated schools on the West Coast. However, family migration could continue, as Japanese-American men with sufficient savings could bring women through arranged marriages (“illustrated brides”), their parents and minor children. As a result, the Japanese-American population was more balanced than other Asian-American communities and continued to grow through natural growth, resulting in increased pressure to halt their immigration and further reduce residents` rights. Tensions in San Francisco had increased, and since Japan`s decisive victory over Russia in 1905, Japan had demanded equal treatment. The result was a series of six notes communicated between Japan and the United States from late 1907 to early 1908. The immediate cause of the deal was anti-Japanese nativism in California. In 1906, the San Francisco Board of Education passed an ordinance requiring children of Japanese descent to attend separate and separate schools.

At the time, Japanese immigrants made up about 1% of California`s population, many of whom had immigrated in 1894 under a treaty that guaranteed free immigration from Japan. [3] [6] The Gentleman`s Agreement of 1907 (日米紳士協約, Nichibei Shinshi Kyōyaku) was an informal agreement between the United States of America and the Empire of Japan, according to which the United States would not impose restrictions on Japanese immigration and Japan would not allow further emigration to the United States.