autarchy means the capacity of bodies other than the State to dispose of public authority; it consists in the inherent ability of public bodies to safeguard their own interests by exercising an administrative function having the same character and legal effect as those of the State. Ability to act [capacity to exercise rights]: ability to acquire and exercise subjective rights and to assume duties; It is therefore the ability to establish, modify or delete one or more legal relationships. In this lesson, we will deal with a rather delicate subject: the vocabulary of crime and law, analyzing the different definitions of crimes and those who commit them and the legal aspects associated with them. Stay with us, because there`s a lot to learn! Capacità giuridica [capacity to have rights]: capacity to hold legal rights and obligations. Regione: is a territorial public body with legal and administrative powers. It is headed by a president, who can be elected directly by the citizens or by the Regional Assembly, depending on the regional status. There are “special statutory regions” for which the Constitution provides for special treatment on political, ethnic and economic grounds, and there are “ordinary statutory regions”. Prassi amministrativa [administrative practice]: a series of acts of the same nature performed by the public administration, even if they are not considered compulsory. It is not a source of law and has no impact on the legal system, but can be used for the interpretation of administrative acts. Ok, now let`s look at some legal and criminal terms: Tribunale [ordinary court]: has jurisdiction in civil and criminal matters for a geographical area called “circondario”.

This court may rule as a collegiate court (with three judges) or only with one judge. Decisions of the ordinary court may be appealed to the Court of Appeal on grounds based on the facts giving rise to the dispute (on the merits) and to the Court of Cassation on appeal on grounds relating either exclusively to law (on legal legitimacy) or to judicial power (grounds of jurisdiction). The ordinary court also performs the functions of a guardianship court as well as other specific functions defined in the law. Quorum: The legal number required for a collegiate assembly or body to be valid. Regolamenti [Regulations]: legislation regulating certain matters within the limits set by law. Government regulations are approved by presidential decree; Ministerial orders are approved by the competent minister by ministerial order. Fonti del diritto [sources of law]: any type of fact or action which, within the framework of a given legal system, can establish, modify or abolish rules of law. These acts or facts are called “sources of legal production,” while the norms of a constitutional nature that give them the power to legislate are called “sources of legal production.” Both are called “sources of law in the formal sense”. Abrogazione means the abolition of the enforceability of a State governed by the rule of law or of a legislative act. The repeal may be expressed (by an express declaration by the legislator) or tacit (due to incompatibility with subsequent law).

In addition, it may be a consequence of a referendum or intrinsic causes (special laws enacted for a limited period of time or in special circumstances). Italgiure: online legal database created by the Centro Elettronico di Documentazione della Corte Suprema di Cassazione (Electronic Documentation Centre of the Supreme Court of Cassation). It contains about forty databases of electronic legal documents (relating to legislation, jurisprudence, legal authority and bibliographies). It can be consulted via the ItalgiureFind query language or via the “Easy-Find” software. The ItalgiureWeb query system is currently available on the Web and is freely accessible only to ordinary judges. The “contrabbandiere” smuggles prohibited substances or products into a country without the authorisation of transport Consiglio dell`Unione Europea [Council of the European Union]: an institution of the European Community which has important functions in the creation of legal acts and treaties. It is chaired by each Member State of the European Union on a six-month rotation. Unilateral atto [unilateral act]: acts by which a single party (in particular a State) establishes rules establishing rights and obligations in the legal relations between the parties to the international community. Disposizioni sulla legge in generale o preleggi [Provisions of ordinary or higher law]: norms which are premises of the Civil Code which govern the entire Italian legal system. There are two types: the first deals with sources of law; The second lays down the rules relating to the criteria for the application of the law (binding effect, temporal effects, interpretation of the law, treatment of aliens). (Law translation from Cambridge English-Italian Dictionary © Cambridge University Press) Consuetudine [custom]: source of law, which consists of lawful behavior that is kept constant and uniform by citizens. It is a primary source in the hierarchy of norms of the international legal system.

Regolamenti comunitari [European Community Regulations]: are the main normative sources of Community law; they are legally binding and directly applicable in all Member States of the European Union. Corte di giustizia della Comunità Europea [Court of Justice of the European Communities]: The Court of Justice of the European Communities (often referred to simply as the “Court of Justice”) was established in 1952 by the Treaty of Paris (establishing the “European Coal and Steel Community”). Its mission is to ensure that European Union legislation (technically called “Community law”) is interpreted and applied in the same way in each Member State, i.e. that it is always the same for all contracting parties and in all circumstances. The Court of Justice has jurisdiction to settle disputes between Member States, the institutions of the European Union, businesses and individuals. The Court of Justice consists of one judge per Member State, so that all EU national legal systems are represented. Even after enlargement, there will still be one judge per Member State, but for reasons of efficiency, the Court of Justice will be able to sit as a `Grand Chamber` with only eleven judges, instead of always meeting in plenary session attended by all judges. Referendum: direct referendum of the electorate by a vote on a legal text or a political question. It is the most important institution of direct democracy, because it is a tool through which the people exercise their sovereignty without the intercession of intermediaries. Our legal system provides: (a) constitutional referendum to adopt laws amending or supplementing the Constitution; (b) the annulment of the referendum repealing an existing law; (c) a territorial referendum on the alteration of the regional, municipal or provincial territory; (d) the consultative referendum, which is not legally binding on issues of particular regional importance.

Autogoverno [self-government]: term derived from the institutions typically found in Anglo-Saxon legal systems (“self-government”). It represents the special condition of certain public institutions, which are allowed to administer themselves through internal institutions and procedures. Enti locali [Local authorities]: public bodies operating in a limited territorial area for matters of strictly local interest; To fulfil this task, they are politically and legally autonomous at different levels. Enti pubblici [public bodies]: legal persons through which the public administration carries out its administrative activities. Atti normativi [normative acts]: acts which affect an indeterminate number of subjects and which are capable of modifying or renewing the existing legal system. They are therefore a “source of law”. Raccomandazioni [Recommendations]: This is the term used in European Community law for acts of the European Commission or the Council of Europe that are not legally binding. They have precisely the opportunity to oblige those to whom they are addressed to behave in a way that is better suited to the interests of the European Community. Giurisdizione [jurisdiction]: This is one of the three typical modes by which state sovereignty is enacted. It is a public and autonomous authority aimed at the practical application of the laws of the legal order and is assigned to certain organs of the State, which constitute the “judiciary” as a whole.

Below is a list of some of the common legal terms that can arise when buying a property in Italy and their translations into English.